Immunotherapy is used to stimulate the immune system against cancer. For example, a vaccine composed of antigens derived from tumor cells can increase the body's functions to antibodies or immune cells (t limpiosit). Extracts inactivated tuberculosis bacteria, which are known to increase immune response, has been successful when instilled into the bladder to prevent the recurrence of bladder tumors.
Monoclonal antibody therapy requires the use of antibodies produced experimentally to make specific proteins on the surface of cancer cells as targets. Trastuzumab is one of antibodies, which attack the HER-2/neu receptor is present on the surface of cancer cells in 25% of women with breast cancer. Trastuzumab enhances the effect of chemotherapy drugs. Rituximab is very effective in treating lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Rituximab is associated with radioactive isotopes can be used to deliver radiation directly to lymphoma cells. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, an antibody and the drug combination, is effective in some people with chronic myelocytic leukemia.
Biological reaction modifiers improve the immune system's ability to find and destroy cancer cells, such as by stimulating normal cells to produce chemical messengers (mediators). Interferon (of which there are several kinds) is the best known and very widely used biological response modifiers. Almost all human cells produce interferon naturally, but can also be made through biotechnology. Although the exact mechanism of the action is not completely clear, interferon has the task in the treatment of several cancers such as Kaposi's sarcoma and malignant melanoma. Interleukin 2, which is produced in certain white blood cells, can also help cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma in the kidney.
No comments:
Post a Comment