What is Epididymitis ?

DEFINITION
Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis. The epididymis is a structure that is located above and around the testes (testicles). Its function is as a transport, storage and maturation of the sperm cells derived from testis.

The epididymis usually more severe acute than chronic epididymis.
Chronic epididymal lasted for more than 6 weeks.


CAUSE
Epididymitis is usually caused by bacteria associated with:

Urinary tract infections
Sexually transmitted diseases (such as chlamydia and gonorrhea)
Prostatitis (prostate infection).

Epididymitis can also be a complication of:

Catheter
Prostatectomy (prostate removal).

Greater risk found in men who have multiple sexual partners and not using condoms.


SYMPTOMS
Symptoms include pain and swelling of the scrotum (the scrotum), which can be mild or severe nature. A very severe inflammation can cause the patient can not walk because it is very painful. Infection can also be very severe and spread to the adjacent testis. Severe infections can cause fever and sometimes abscess formation .

Other symptoms that may be found are:

Lump in testicles
Swelling of the testes on the affected side of the epididymis
Swelling of the groin on the affected side
Testicular pain when defecating
Fever
Exit pus from the urethra (the hole at the tip of the penis)
Pain when urinating
Pain during intercourse or ejaculation
Blood in the semen
Groin pain.


Diagnosis
Diagnosis based on symptoms and physical examination. Testis on the affected side is sometimes swollen. Tenderness is usually limited to certain areas (where the attached epididymis). Can reveal any enlarged lymph nodes in the groin.

Other tests are commonly performed:

Analysis and urine culture
Screening tests for chlamydia and gonorrhea
Complete blood
Examination of blood chemistry.


TREATMENT
To overcome the infection, given antibiotics. There was also given pain medication and anti-inflammatory. Patients should undergo bed rest with scrotal compression appointed and cold.


PREVENTION
At the time of surgery, antibiotics are often given prophylactically (as a precaution) to people who have a risk of suffering from epididymitis. Epididymitis caused by sexually transmitted diseases can be prevented by not having sexual relations outside